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Biodegradable Polymers for Industrial Applications
Product Code: ISBN 1 85573 934 8
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Biodegradable polymers for industrial applications
(Woodhead Publishing)
Edited by R Smith, Queen Mary University, London, UK
Biodegradable polymers for industrial applications introduces the subject by outlining the classification and development of biodegradable polymers. Materials available for the production of biodegradable polymers are explored. Polymers derived from sugars, natural fibres, renewable forest resources, poly(lactic acid) and protein-nanoparticle composites are looked at in detail in this section. The properties and mechanisms of degradation are looked at, prefacing the subject with a chapter on current standards. The final part explores opportunities for industrial applications, with chapters on packing, agriculture and biodegradable polycaprolactone foams in supercritical carbon dioxide.
Contents
PART 1 CLASSIFICATION AND DEVELOPMENT
PART 2 MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF BIODEGRADABLE POLYMERS
PART 3 PROPERTIES AND MECHANISMS OF DEGRADATION
PART 4 INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS
Introduction
R Smith, Queen Mary University, London, UK
PART 1 CLASSIFICATION AND DEVELOPMENT
Classification of biodegradable polymers
A Clarinval and J Halleux, CRIF Belgium
Introduction. Biopolymers from natural origin. Biopolymers from mineral origin. Conclusions. References.
Polyhydroxyalkanoates
G-Q Chen, Tsinghua University, China
Introduction. Mechanical and thermal properties of PHA. Process development and scale up for microbial PHA production. Applications of PHA. Future developments. References.
Oxo-biodegradable polyolefins
D M Wiles, Plastichem Consulting, Canada
Introduction. Polyolefin peroxidation. Control of polyolefin lifetimes. Oxidative degradation after use. Aerobic biodegradation. Applications of oxo-biodegradable polyolefins. Environmental impact. Future developments. References.
New developments in the synthesis of aliphatic polyesters by ring-opening polymerisation
R Jerome and P Lecomte, University of Liège, Belgium
Introduction. Synthesis of aliphatic polyesters by ring-opening polymerisation. Reactive extrusion. Supercritical carbon dioxide as a medium for the ring opening polymerisation of lactones and lactides and a processing-aid of aliphatic polyesters. Future developments. Acknowledgements. Bibliography.
Biodegradable polyesteramides
P A M Lips and P J Dijkstra, University of Twente, The Netherlands
Introduction. Poly(ester amide)s synthesis. Polydepsipeptides. Concluding comments. Further information. References.
Thermoplastic starch biodegradable polymers
P J Halley, The University of Queensland, Australia
Introduction. Properties of starch. Thermoplastic starch and their blends. Modified thermoplastic starch polymers. Commercial applications and products for thermoplastic starch polymers. Thermoplastic starch polymers – looking beyond traditional polymer applications. Future developments. Further information. Acknowledgements.
PART 2 MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF BIODEGRADABLE POLYMERS
Biodegradable polymers from sugars
A J Varma, National Chemical Laboratory, India
Introduction. Biodegradable polymers obtained from monosaccharides and disaccharides. Biodegradable polymers obtained from synthetic polysaccharides. Biodegradable polymers obtained from natural polysaccharides. Future developments - “biodegradable” polymers obtained from hemicelluloses. References.
Biodegradable polymer composites from natural fibres
D Plackett, Danish Polymer Centre, Risø National Laboratory, Denmark
Introduction. Natural fibres as polymer reinforcement. Natural fibre-polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) composites. Natural fibre-polylactide (PLA) composites. Natural fibre-starch composites. Natural fibre-soy resin composites. Natural fibres in combination with synthetic biodegradable polymers. Commercial developments. Conclusion. Further information. References.
Biodegradable polymers from renewable forest resources
T M Keenan, S W Tanenbaum and J P Nakas, College of Environmental Science and Forestry at Syracuse, USA
Lignocellulosic biomass as a renewable and value-added feedstock for biodegradable polymer production. Cellulose: as a platform substrate for degradable polymer synthesis. Hemicellulose and its application as a feedstock for biodegradable polymers. Sources of further information. Conclusions and future developments. References.
Poly(lactic acid) based bioplastics
J Zhang and X Sun, Kansas State University, USA
Introduction. Properties of PLA. Blends of PLA. Plasticization of PLA-based bioplastics. Aging and biodegradation. Applications of PLA based bioplastics. References.
Biodegradable protein-nanoparticle composites
K Dean and L Yu, CSIRO-Manufacturing and Infrastructure Technology, Australia
Introduction. Delaminating clay using ultrasonics. Processing protein-nanoparticle composites using extrusion. Microstructure and mechanical properties of protein-nanoparticle composites. Conclusion. References.
PART 3 PROPERTIES AND MECHANISMS OF DEGRADATION
Standards for environmentally biodegradable plastics
G Scott, Aston University, UK
Why standards are necessary. Bio-based polymers. The post-use treatment of plastics for the recovery of value. Mechanisms of polymer biodegradation. Laboratory studies. The development of national and international standards for biodegradable plastics. Lessons from the past and future developments. Acknowledgments. References.
Material properties of biodegradable polymers
M Bhattacharya, University of Minnesota, USA, R L Reis, V Correlo and Luciano Boesel, University of Minho, Portugal
Introduction. Biodegradation. Natural polymers. Microbial polyesters. Synthetic polyesters. Poly-lactic acid. Poly(glycolic) acid. Polycaprolactone. Poly(alkene succinate). Aliphatic-Aromatic Copolyesters. Poly(orthoesters). Polyanhydrides. Polycarbonates/Polyiminocarbonates. Blends. Water soluble polymers. Future developments. References.
Mechanism of biodegradation
Shuichi Matsumura, Keio University, Japan
Introduction. Biodegradation mechanism: overview. Biodegradation mechanism of naturally occurring polymers. Biodegradation mechanism of polyesters. Biodegradation mechanism of polycarbonates and polyethers. Biodegradation mechanism of poly(vinyl alcohol). Biodegradation mechanism of polyurethanes. Biodegradation mechanism of poly(amino acid). Biodegradation mechanism of miscellaneous polymers. Future trends. Bibliography.
Enzymatic degradation of polymers
G Madras, Indian Institute of Science, India
Introduction. Vinyl polymers. Hydrolyzable polymers. Natural biodegradable Polymers. Conclusion. References.
PART 4 INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS
Oxo-biodegradable polyolefins in packaging
D M Wiles, Plastichem Consulting, Canada
Introduction. Characteristics of packaging plastics. Oxo-biodegradable polyolefins. Disposal. Recovery. Environmental impact. References.
Biodegradable plastics in agriculture
G Scott, Aston University, UK
Plasticulture. Oxo-biodegradation of polyolefins in the environment. The impact of degradable plastics on the environment. Future developments. Acknowledgements. References.
Generation of biodegradable polycaprolactone foams in supercritical carbon dioxide
L Yu and K Dean, CSIRO-Manufacturing and Infrastructure Technology, Australia, and Q Xu, Zhengzhou University, China
Introduction. Generation of polycaprolactone foams. Effect of processing conditions on the foaming cell. Crystallinity of foamed polycaprolactone. Conclusion. References.
Biodegradable polymers in agricultural applications
S Guilbert, INRA, P Feuilloley, CEMAGREF - UMR ITAP, and V Bellon-Maurel, Agro.M - CIRAD, France
Introduction. Materials applied in agriculture. Evaluating properties of biodegradable materials in agriculture. Market issues. Conclusion. Further information. References.
Price: £135.00 (Ex VAT)
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