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Geosynthetics
Product Code: 978-1-85957-375-4
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Geosynthetics
Rapra Review Report
Vol. 14, No. 2, Report 158, 2003
By D.I. Cook
Geosynthetics often play critical roles in civil engineering and it is important that the materials in use can withstand the physical and chemical pressures of the environment. These range from resistance to leachates from landfill to resistance to root damage in soil liners, as well as standard properties such as resistance to creep, oxidation and UV light, and tensile strength. This has resulted in sets of test standards being developed by the EU, ISO, BSI and ASTM. Dr Cook is an expert in the testing of geosynthetics and has covered this area in the review.
There are several main categories of geosynthetics: geotextiles, geomembranes, geosynthetic clay liners, geogrids and geonets. This review discusses the polymers used in each type, production methods, test methods and applications.
Geotextiles are permeable fabrics comprising around 75% of all geosynthetics. Globally, 1,400 million square metres are used each year and the trend in consumption is upwards.. Polypropylene comprises the bulk of this with polyester as the second most commonly used material, Polymer properties and economics decide on material choice. Natural fibres are being used where durability is less important.
Geomembranes are thin flexible sheets with very low permeability. They are used as barriers to the passage of gases of liquids. Butyl rubber was the first material used, but now PVC and polyethylene are the most common materials. Uses include landfill odour control, facing of dams and reservoir liners.
Contents
1 Scope
2 Introduction to Geosynthetics
2.1 General Description
2.2 History
2.3 Publications
3 Geotextiles
3.1 Description and Manufacturing
3.1.1 Woven Geotextiles
3.1.2 Non-Woven Geotextiles
3.1.3 Knitted Geotextiles
3.2 Polymers
3.2.1 Polyester
3.2.2 Polypropylene
3.2.3 Polyamide (Nylon)
3.2.4 Polyethylene
3.2.5 Natural Fibres
3.2.6 Comparative Properties
3.3 End Uses
3.4 Testing and Properties of Geotextiles
3.4.1 Tensile and Other Mechanical Properties
3.4.2 Hydraulic Properties
3.4.3 Durability
3.5 Construction Products Directive: CE Marking
4 Geomembranes
4.1 Description and Manufacturing
4.2 Polymers
4.2.1 Polyethylene
4.2.2 Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
4.2.3 Chlorosulfonated Polyethylene (CSPE)
4.2.4 Polypropylene
4.2.5 Ethylene Interpolymer Alloy (EIA)
4.3 End Uses
4.4 Testing and Properties of Geomembranes
4.4.1 Tensile Properties
4.4.2 Durability
5 Geosynthetic Clay Liners (GCLs)
5.1 Description and Manufacturing
5.2 Polymers and Constituent Materials
5.3 End Uses
5.4 Testing and Properties of GCLs
5.4.1 Hydraulic Conductivity
5.4.2 Friction
6 Geogrids
6.1 Description and Manufacturing
6.2 Polymers
6.3 End Uses
6.4 Testing and Properties of Geogrids
7 Geocomposites
7.1 Geonets
7.1.1 End Uses of Geonets
7.1.2 Testing and Properties of Geonets
7.2 Other Geocomposites
7.2.1 Geotextile-Geomembrane Composites
7.2.2 Geomembrane-Geogrid Composites
7.2.3 Geocells
7.2.4 Geotextile-Steel Composites
7.2.5 Geotextile-Bead Composites
7.2.6 Polymeric Fibres
7.2.7 Geofoam
7.2.8 Polyurethane/Geotextile Composites
Additional References
Price: £85.00 (Ex VAT)
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